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Neurocirculatory dystonia: causes, types, diagnosis and treatment
Neurocirculatory dystonia is a functional disorder. The reasons for such a state, as a rule, a lot, but encountered problems are always exacerbated by stress. In General, the prognosis is favorable, although many patients experience a lot of unpleasant symptoms and can even be for some time deprived of the ability to work.
What are the causes of disorder
The main reason is the violation of neurohumoral regulation, that is, the failure of the structures and body systems that are responsible for the functioning of the heart. Neurocirculatory dystonia also called heart neurosis, because the main symptoms associated with disorders of the cardiovascular system.
Among the factors that trigger the development of neurocirculatory dystonia can be distinguished:
- Psychogenic;
- Socio-economic;
- Climate;
- Hereditary;
- Infectious.
Features of the Constitution of man, his heredity can be contributing factors to the development of this state, as neurocirculatory dystonia. In some families, traces the development of this problem, and, usually, representatives of different generations at the same age.
The immediate impetus often become periods of hormonal adjustment of the organism:
- Adolescence;
- Pregnancy;
- Abortion;
- Menopause.
If in these periods of life a person is experiencing high emotional or mental stress, the risk of development of neurocirculatory dystonia increases as amplified and its symptoms.
High solar radiation, living in the hot climate zones are not the best way affect the condition of the neuroendocrine mechanism. Leads to failures and regular intoxication, it is most commonly associated with Smoking and alcohol abuse. Even chronic infections of the upper respiratory tract and a sedentary lifestyle can be a factor in the development of neurocirculatory dystonia.
In most cases it is impossible to single out one factor that caused the neurosis of the heart. Most often it is the interaction of several factors, the impact of which affects the structure of the hypothalamus is a violation of the regulation. It is manifested by problems in the sympathoadrenal and cholinergic systems of the body, changes the sensitivity of peripheral receptors, violated various kinds of exchange.
Neurocirculatory dystonia leads to a neurohormonal disorder of the regulationheart, change the vascular tone, spasm, tachycardia, inadequate response to stimuli.
Scientists say that most often neurocirculatory dystonia develops in humans as a reaction to prolonged psycho-emotional overload, is also a powerful factor is trauma.
The initial changes are gradually being consolidated and formed a distinct disease with a chronic course with periodic exacerbations.
The types of neurocirculatory dystonia
Like many diseases, neurocirculatory dystonia is classified by severity into mild, moderate and severe. In addition, isolated cardiac, hypertensive and hypotonic type of the disease, possible mixed forms. This classification is based on the leading symptom: an increase or decrease in blood pressure, cardiac symptoms.
Manifestations of neurocirculatory dystonia
This condition is, common symptoms, its types, and there are those that depend on the type of disease.
Common symptoms are characterized first of all neurosis-like States, which are common to all types of such disorders as neurocirculatory dystonia.
The symptoms of neurosis-like States
- Fatigue;
- Feeling of weakness;
- Sleep disorders;
- The deterioration of memory and attention;
- Irritability, mood swings;
- Decrease of volitional qualities.
Some complain of feeling of incomplete breaths or shallow breathing. Often noted a lump in the throat, discomfort while in a stuffy room, stronger need for fresh air. Many manifestations of neurocirculatory dystonia "come" in the form of attacks that are accompanied by anxiety and fear.
Common symptoms increase circulatory disorders, specific to a certain type of disease. So, neurocirculatory dystonia on hypertonic type means first and foremost high blood pressure and problems that this has caused.
When hypotonic type the main symptom is low blood HELL, neurocirculatory dystonia in cardiac type is usually held without violations in the arterial pressure, in this case come first symptoms of heart.
Many patients with the given diagnosis becomes sensitive to changes in the weather. They can change the AD due to changes in atmospheric pressure, there may be periods of poor health in certain weather.
Symptoms of neurocirculatory dystonia cardiac type
- Palpitations;
- Disruptions of the heart;
- Tachycardia with atrial;
- Arrythmia;
- Painheart;
- Shortness of breath under load;
- Respiratory arrhythmia.
Changes in the blood pressure in the cardiac type of neurocirculatory dystonia are usually not mentioned. While surveys can be identified ECG changes.
Symptoms of neurocirculatory dystonia of hypotensive type
- The decrease in blood pressure;
- Chilliness;
- Fainting;
- Fatigue;
- Headaches;
- Pallor of the skin.
Patients with hypotensive type neurocirculatory dystonia is stanichnyi people, systolic blood pressure is lower 100 mm. It is sluggish, it is difficult morning to get out of bed and start doing some business. Of low blood pressure organs poorly supplied with blood, and therefore nutrients, so their functions perform worse.
Symptoms of neurocirculatory dystonia of hypertensive type
- Increase in blood pressure is 130/85 - 140/90 mm;
- Fatigue;
- Headaches;
- The feeling of pulsation of vascular of neck;
- The excess body weight.
In half of the cases of high blood pressure in this form of disorder does not give symptoms and not accompanied by deterioration of health.
The degree of manifestation of neurocirculatory dystonia
Mild is a mild manifestation of symptoms. They usually only appear after a stressful situation or nervous overload. Patients can continue to work, so how are you feeling generally satisfactory, there is only a slight decrease in endurance.
If stress was the precipitating factor, then you need to think of ways to overcome it.
In severe cases need the help of a psychologist or psychotherapist. The patient must believe in the possibility of a normal life with this diagnosis. Then the body will be calmer to react to the loads and the manifestations of the disease decrease.
If the condition develops on the background of toxic effects or work in hazardous industries, it is necessary to ensure that these factors be eliminated. Perhaps the development of neurocirculatory dystonia due to organic lesions.
For example, circulatory insufficiency due to problems with the mitral valve can serve as the impetus for the development of this disease. In this case, the first thing to treat mitral valve insufficiency.
Treatments
- Drug therapy;
- Psychotherapy;
- Physiotherapy;
- Herbal medicine;
- The Spa treatment.
Drug therapy is indicated for moderate and severe disease. Sedatives, tranquilizers, antidepressants, nootropic drugs are drugs that can be given to a patient. Every time the question of the necessity of their appointment and selectionsolved individually. Of herbal remedies in some cases, recommended calming herbs (Valerian, motherwort), in others, tonics (eleuthero, ginseng, lemongrass).
Necessarily the solution of related problems
For example, the presence of heart disease significantly worsens the condition with neurocirculatory dystonia. Then the treatment of mitral regurgitation will improve blood circulation and the General condition of the patient.
Very well, if the patient manages to convince to go to a psychologist or psychotherapist. A good help in the treatment can be auditory training, however, patients with neurocirculatory dystonia are often insecure and not confident, therefore need the support of loved ones.
Patients with neurocirculatory dystonia have to stick to a healthy lifestyle, try to get enough sleep and learn to avoid stress or to cope with them. Hypertensive type of disease should monitor their weight, limit the amount of salt and fluid.
Feasible physical exercise will be very useful for maintaining shape and good mood. In the treatment of this condition it is very important that the patient himself sought to recovery, not simply demanded treatment from a doctor.