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A stroke of the brain stem

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The reasons why happens stroke: thrombosis, embolism, hypertension, aneurysm, severe trauma, leading to the formation of a hematoma, occlusion of blood vascular. If blood circulation the brain stem diagnosed stem stroke. This important area is the link that transmits signals from the brain to the organs of the body.

The trunk - the oldest part of the brain, it affects both hemispheres, exerting a controlling and regulating effect. The core of this Department - master link of simple and complex reflex arcs, they regulate swallowing, breathing, responsible for the functioning of the heart, the body's thermoregulation.

In severe cases it becomes reason of the termination of the power of this part of the brain, its atrophy and the inability of all internal organs.

The mechanism of

The mechanism of stem stroke distinguish between hemorrhagic and ischemic. The first is due to the gap feed the brain arteries, it leads to hemorrhage. The reason it is hypertension or congenital vascular expressed in their thinning. The second type, ischemic, is characterized by obstruction of the vessel, caused by obstruction of the vessel as a result of entering into the lumen of an atherosclerotic plaque or thrombus.

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The structure of the brain

Is not only the mechanism but also for: a hemorrhagic stroke occurs instantly, and ischemic - gradually, his symptoms increase.

Doctors involved in the treatment, use different methods for different types of stroke. That will facilitate ischemic, and can harm in hemorrhagic disease.

Symptoms

Stem hemorrhagic stroke has acute symptoms. Ischemic, developing gradually, from several hours to days, manifested by numbness of the face or body part, tingling, eye pain, blurred vision, loss of balance. The most obvious symptoms of both types of paralyses.

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If it is an ischemic stroke, to alert the family and the patient have the following symptoms:

  • sudden pallor, redness of all or part of the face;
  • labored and rapid breathing, sometimes with wheezing;
  • violation of speech quality;
  • dizziness;
  • sweating;
  • the decrease of the voltage pulse;
  • temperature rise;
  • increase in blood pressure.

Forecast

Stem stroke ends in death in two thirds of cases. More favorable prognosis is possible in younger patients and in cases when the patient is in the clinicspecializes the treatment of strokes. In the staff of this institution has neurologists and neurosurgeons have special equipment - scanner, and other devices. Ideally, if computed tomography is performed in the first hours of the disease.

A good forecast is the preservation of consciousness of the patient, the ability to assess the situation allows him to participate in rehabilitation.

Diagnosis

Computer tomography allows to exclude hemorrhage. This procedure is performed for several seconds, the patient manages once to hold his breath, and the result is ready. If hemorrhage is excluded, is magnetic resonance imaging. The time - up to half an hour, but this kind of research gives much more information.

If time allows, carried out ultrasound scanning of vascular, angiography. The information obtained enables the physician to prescribe adequate treatment.

Treatment

In hemorrhagic origin of the stroke, the main treatment is surgery. Open craniotomy is performed to correct the hematoma. A less invasive method - the introduction through the drilled hole trombolitiki contributing to the resorption of hematoma. The second type of operations is contraindicated in vascular pathologies, aneurysms. It is ideal for hypertension.

The time interval allotted to prevent the terrible consequences of ischemic stroke - a few hours. During this time, it is necessary to restore blood flow in the artery, suffering from embolism. Systemic thrombolysis will go through the disease with minimal losses. For intravenous administration of drugs is necessary to observe several conditions:

  • the minimum time since the onset of the disease;
  • lack of operations shortly before the stroke.

The consequences

What happens to the brain after a stroke.

Speech disorder

In one third of patients stem stroke causing speech disturbances: slurred, quiet, unclear speech. Such violation corrects the treatment involving speech therapy.

Impaired swallowing

This characteristic is most clearly characterizes stem stroke. Symptoms of impaired swallowing function (dysphagia) have more than half of the patients. Partial or full recovery the prognosis is uncertain. There are techniques that can ease this condition is to teach the patient to swallow soft, mashed food.

Violation of motor function of the limbs

Common consequences of the disease - spontaneous, uncoordinated movement of arms and legs. To restore movements in the first two months of a positiveforecast, later, the dynamics slows down. Gradual improvements are observed throughout the year, and later recovery occurs rarely.

Impaired coordination

Dizziness - the frequent companion of stroke, it speeds in the healing process. Forecast for total deliverance from it is uncertain.

Respiratory failure

The inability to breathe independently is the result of lesions of the brain stem. The treatment has a poor prognosis, the patient is completely dependent on the ventilator. If the respiratory center is not completely destroyed, during wakefulness, patients can breathe on their own, but in the dream it is possible to briefly stop breathing.

Hemodynamic instability

Poor prognosis - reduced heart rate, he speaks of the severity of the patient and possible death.

Unstable thermoregulation

On the severity of the consequences of stroke, says a violation of thermoregulation. In the first day since the beginning of the disease the body temperature rises dramatically and poorly amenable to correction. Adverse effects and has a significant drop in temperature, which may be a harbinger of the death of brain cells.

Visual disturbances

Ischemic stroke, which affects stem cell division, characterized by impaired eye movements. One or both of the eyeball can start spontaneous movement in different directions with the inability to fix the gaze on the subject.

Therapy and rehabilitation to recover include the maintenance of body functions, with the exception of emotional and physical stress, relieve swelling and restore circulation. Than younger the patient is, the faster it is in the hands of qualified doctors, the more favorable the prognosis would be less devastating - consequences.

I suggest you also to read the article, that what is needed is diet after a stroke.