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How to check the status of the vessels
Diseases connected with defeat of vascular of a lot more than it may seem. The main difficulty in the treatment is just diagnostics. The symptoms of vascular injury are extremely varied, and generally not identifitseerida themselves, and are associated with exacerbation of the chronic condition or the emergence of new diseases.
Vascular system
It includes the blood vascular and heart. The first function is to move blood, the second in her discharge.
The vascular are categorized as follows:
- aorta - main arterial trunk, which brings the blood from the ventricle;
- arteries - large vascular, betraying the oxygen-rich blood to internal organs;
- arterioles - arteries of medium and small size, supply blood to the tissues;
- capillaries - tiny blood vascular that serve virtually every cell;
- venules - veins of small size, diverting the blood from the tissue;
- veins - large vascular that move blood back to the heart, the venous wall is much thinner.
Single damage to capillaries or larger vascular usually have no noticeable effect on health. Much more dangerous is a permanent disruption, and as decreasing the lumen of blood vascular, reduces the inflow or outflow of blood. Both phenomenon are equally pernicious.
Readings to check
Characteristic signs of defeat of vascular does not exist. Arteries and veins are connected with different organs and failures in the bloodstream have an effect on "your" body. Therefore, the illness becomes symptoms characteristic pathology of this body, which, of course, more difficult to diagnose.
Most often the indication for vascular testing use the following condition:
- Abnormal blood pressure.
- Increased intracranial pressure.
- Any traumatic brain injury.
- Migraines and headaches, the cause of which is not defined.
- Of a brain tumor.
- Preparing for heart surgery.
- Any signs of ischemia.
- Varicose disease.
- Swelling and heaviness of the limbs, the phenomenon of coldness, cramps.
- Risk factors: Smoking, overweight, diabetes and the like.
The appointment of specialist
How to check the blood vascular of the brain can only tell specialist. In the first place with this kind of ailment are treated to a neurologist. It - vascular of the nervous system and brain. On examination of the arteries of the head and neckdirects it.
Cardiologist assigns the test vascular of the heart in order to separate diseases of the heart and blood vascular, symptoms of which are very close.
The study of veins and arteries is appointed by the angiologist or angiosurgeon, which are blood and lymph vascular.
Examination of the vascular of the entire body occurs very rarely, however, gives the most complete picture.
The inspection of vascular of head
Checking the condition of the vascular of the head and neck is the most common. First, the symptoms of disorder in this case are most pronounced, and secondly- the most painful. People with a pressure, but a mild chest pain for a long time ignoring it in the hope that this temporary phenomenon. Severe headache and dizziness, makes the patient much faster to consult.
Examination of the neck, usually appointed together with the verification of the vascular of the brain, since they form a single system. Lesions of the carotid arteries is characterized by the same symptoms.
Magnetic resonance imaging
The most informative and modern method of research Allows to obtain a complete picture of the functional and anatomical features of blood circulation.
The method is based on irradiation of a patient with radio signals in a magnetic field. The scanner records signals of different capacities depending on the environment movable or stationary, and the speed of blood flow. In the end, has layered images of the brain and, consequently, the arteries and veins of the skull and neck in three dimensions. This method identifies any pathology of large and small vascular.
Complete the picture to some extent depends on the power of the scanner.
Rheoencephalography
MRI - of course the best way to check vascular of the head and neck, but also the most expensive. Instead of imaging can be administered rheoencephalography.
The essence of the method is to check the electrical conductivity of blood flow. The signal from the latter differs from the signals of other tissues due to pulsation. With the help of rheograph get information on krovenapolnenia vascular of the head and neck, the speed of blood flow, the condition of the walls and so on.
The procedure is much less convenient and takes more time. The working mechanism of the device are electrode plates that are in the process of research must be imposed on the irradiated areas of the head.
Doppler
Or duplex scanning. Is a ultrasound of the head and neck via a special sensor. The procedure is painless, simple and allows you to get instant results.
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This method is universal and has no contraindications. And therefore is used to test vascular of the entire body. It is very simple: the patient is placed on the couch, the sensor is applied to a study area and the monitor image appears. Doppler is appointed and the smallest patients - children 4-5 years, provided that the latter will be able to hold still for 15-20 minutes.
Method is ideal for examining large and small blood vascular of the whole body, but the quality check of the capillaries depends on the power equipment.
Electroencephalography
The unit detects and records fluctuations in brain potentials. In this case only examines the arteries and veins of the head. Method is less informative, it is used to get information about the disruption of normal blood flow and nerve conduction. However, in epilepsy, speech disorders, and the like electroencephalography indispensable.
Computed tomography
The method uses x-rays. It is used to get information about the physical condition of the walls, but do not assess the blood flow. Thus establish the presence or absence of tumors, pathology of blood vascular, assess the condition of walls, narrowing, extension, presence of a lesion and so on.
CT is not recommended for frequent use. However, for patients with fixed implant - stimulants, pins, prostheses, computed tomography is ideal.
As CT is assigned to survey vascular of the head and neck and the whole body.
Ultrasonography
The method is developed for examination of neck vascular, namely the carotid, vertebral arteries and anterior and posterior cerebellar. They are responsible for nutrition of oxygen to the brain, and disruption to their work affects their functions.
The work item machine - ultrasound scanner. Lying the patient is examined by the scanner, and get the monitor image of the artery.
Survey vascular of the heart
To check all the main and peripheral vascular used Mr angiography. The survey is conducted in an MRI machine without contrast material. The magnetic field apparatus is not less than 1 Tesla.
Mr-angiography allows to obtain information on the physical condition of arteries and veins - the expansion or contraction of the walls, the appearance of atheromatous plaques, the formation of an aneurysm, and functional - the level of elasticity of the wall, inflammation and so on.
Research long. Usually held sessions to 15 minutes, number of procedures - 6. In some cases, the session maytake up to 60 minutes. Mr angiography is available only in specialized clinics.
Inspection of vascular is an important part of diagnosis in a very large number of violations. At times, this procedure becomes the latest diagnostic technique. Indications to carrying out quite a lot and if the technician assigns the validation to ignore the recommendation is not necessary.